国务院关于废止部分涉外法规的通知(附英文)
国务院
国务院关于废止部分涉外法规的通知(附英文)
为了加快实施沿海地区经济发展战略,促进我国沿海地区外向型经济的发展,国务院有关部门根据国务院关于清理涉外法规的部署和要求,对国务院发布或者批准发布的现行涉外方面的行政法规和法规性文件(以下简称法规)进行了清理。清理出来的第一批应予废止的法规17件,经
国务院清理涉外法规领导小组和国务院法制局逐件复查,国务院审议,决定予以废止(法规名称见附件一)。
同时清理出来的第一批自行失效的法规11件,也经国务院清理涉外法规领导小组和国务院法制局逐件进行了复查,现一并附后(法规名称见附件二),以便各地区、各部门全面了解已失效的涉外法规的情况,利于工作。
附件:一、第一批应予废止的涉外法规目录(17件)
二、第一批自行失效的涉外法规目录(11件)
附件一:第一批应予废止的涉外法规目录
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|序号| 法规名称 | 发布机关及日期 | 发文字号 | 废止理由 |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|1 |国务院关于供应出|1965年11月11日|〔1965〕国物字394|已被1979年8月21日 |
| |口商品统一作价办|发布 |号 |国发〔1979〕206号文 |
| |法的暂行规定 | | |《国务院批转国家物 |
| | | | |价总局关于出品工业 |
| | | | |品供应作价几个问题 |
| | | | |的请示报告》和经贸 |
| | | | |部、物价局〔1987〕外 |
| | | | |经贸计价字第492号 |
| | | | |文《关于加强出口商 |
| | | | |品收购价格管理的通 |
| | | | |知》所代替。 |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|2 |中华人民共和国防|1974年1月30日国|国发〔1974〕11号 |已被1982年8月23日 |
| |止沿海水域污染暂|务院发布 | |全国人大常委会公布 |
| |行规定 | | |的《中华人民共和国 |
| | | | |海洋环境保护法》 |
| | | | |所代替。 |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|3 |关于大力发展对外|1979年8月13日国|国发〔1979〕202号|已被1988年2月26日 |
| |贸易增加外汇收入|务院发布 | |国发〔1988〕12号文 |
| |若干问题的规定 | | |国务院《关于加快和 |
| | | | |深化对外贸易体制改 |
| | | | |革若干问题的规定》 |
| | | | |等文件所代替。 |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|4 |出口商品外汇留成|1979年8月13日国|国发〔1979〕202号|已被1985年3月29日 |
| |试行办法 |务院发布 | |国发〔1985〕45号文 |
| | | | |《出口商品外汇留成 |
| | | | |办法》所代替。 |
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|序号| 法规名称 | 发布机关及日期 | 发文字号 | 废止理由 |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|5 |国务院批转关于使|1979年12月21日|国发〔1979〕297号|已被1984年10月4日 |
| |用国外贷款引进技| | |国发〔1984〕138号文 |
| |术和进口设备的基| | |《国务院批转国家计 |
| |本建设项目在外 | | |委关于改进计划体制 |
| |汇、财政、基建计| | |的若干暂行规定的通 |
| |划上的处理办法 | | |知》和1986年8月16日 |
| | | | |国发〔1986〕83号文 |
| | | | |《国务院批转国家计 |
| | | | |委关于利用国外贷款 |
| | | | |工作分工意见的通 |
| | | | |知》等文件所代替。 |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|6 |国务院批转全国外|1980年6月3日 |国发〔1980〕151号|已被1987年4月10日 |
| |国文教专家工作座| | |外专发〔1987〕78号文 |
| |谈会纪要 | | |《国家外国专家局关 |
| | | | |于印发<全国外国文 |
| | | | |教专家工作会议纪 |
| | | | |要>的通知》所代替。 |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|7 |国务院批转国家进|1981年6月3日 |国发〔1981〕97号 |已被1983年1月31日 |
| |出口委《关于当前| | |国发〔1983〕13号文 |
| |对外经济贸易如何| | |《国务院批转国家计 |
| |为国民经济调整服| | |委、国家经委、经贸 |
| |务的报告》的通知| | |部关于对外经济贸易 |
| | | | |工作中分工意见的通 |
| | | | |知》和1988年2月26日 |
| | | | |《国务院关于加快对 |
| | | | |外贸易体制改革若干 |
| | | | |问题的规定》等文件 |
| | | | |所代替。 |
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|序号| 法规名称 | 发布机关及日期 | 发文字号 | 废止理由 |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|8 |国务院批转国家进|1982年1月3日 |国发〔1982〕1号 |已被1987年9月26日 |
| |出口委、国家经委| | |国发〔1987〕90号文 |
| |关于建立中国工艺| | |《国务院关于批转经 |
| |美术行业协会的报| | |贸部1988年外贸体制 |
| |告的通知 | | |改革方案的通知》所 |
| | | | |代替。 |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|9 |国务院批转外贸部|1982年1月7日 |国发〔1982〕5号 |与1988年2月26日《国 |
| |《关于外贸出口商| | |务院关于加快对外贸 |
| |品实行分类经营的| | |易体制改革若干问题 |
| |规定的请示》的通| | |的规定》相抵触。 |
| |知 | | | |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|10|国务院办公厅转发|1982年3月26日 |国办发〔1982〕27 |已被1986年7月19日 |
| |原国家进出口委等| | |国办发〔1986〕55号文 |
| |单位关于加强珍珠| | |《国务院办公厅转发 |
| |产销协调管理工作| | |对外经济贸易部关于 |
| |的报告的通知 | | |珍珠实行统一经营的 |
| | | | |两个文件的通知》所 |
| | | | |代替。 |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|11|国务院批转国家经|1982年5月25日 |国发〔1982〕87号 |已被1987年8月1日国 |
| |委、国家计委关于| | |家经委发布的经审 |
| |停止进口手表、加| | |〔1987〕452号文《关于|
| |强微型电子计算机| | |机电设备进口审查管 |
| |和录音录像设备进| | |理的若干规定》所代 |
| |口管理请示的通知| | |替。 |
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|序号| 法规名称 | 发布机关及日期 | 发文字号 | 废止理由 |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|12|国务院办公厅关于|1984年8月30日 |国办发〔1984〕76 |已被1987年5月26日 |
| |改进外国文教专家| |号 |国家外国专家局外专 |
| |聘请工作的通知 | | |发〔1987〕87号文《关 |
| | | | |于改进外国文教专家 |
| | | | |聘请工作的意见的通 |
| | | | |知》所代替。 |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|13|国务院办公厅转发|1984年8月30日 |国办发〔1984〕77 |已被1987年9月1日国 |
| |《外国专家局、国| |号 |家外国专家局外专发 |
| |家科委、财政部关| | |〔1987〕146号文《关于|
| |于短期邀请国外专| | |短期邀请的外国专家 |
| |家生活待遇和礼遇| | |生活待遇的规定》所 |
| |接待的规定》的通| | |代替。 |
| |知 | | | |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|14|国务院批转经贸部|1984年9月15日 |国发〔1984〕122号|已被1988年2月26日 |
| |关于外贸体制改革| | |《国务院关于加快和 |
| |意见的报告的通知| | |深化对外贸易体制改 |
| | | | |革若干问题的规定》 |
| | | | |所代替。 |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|15|国务院办公厅关于|1985年9月5日发 |国办发〔1985〕62 |已被1987年12月30日 |
| |中外合资经营企业|布 |号 |国务院批准,1988年 |
| |注册资本与投资总| | |1月1日对外经济贸易 |
| |额比例问题的规定| | |部、国家工商行政管 |
| | | | |理局发布的《中外合 |
| | | | |资经营企业合营各方 |
| | | | |出资的若干规定》所 |
| | | | |代替。 |
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|序号| 法规名称 | 发布机关及日期 | 发文字号 | 废止理由 |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|16|国务院办公厅转发|1985年12月31日|国办发〔1985〕92 |已被1988年2月26日 |
| |经贸部关于加强对| |号 |《国务院关于加快和 |
| |中药材出口管理报| | |深化对外贸易体制改 |
| |告的通知 | | |革若干问题的规定》 |
| | | | |所代替。 |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|17|国务院办公厅关于|1987年5月29日 |国办函字〔1987〕 |已被1988年3月18日 |
| |南京、镇江、扬州| |31号 |国发〔1988〕21号文 |
| |市享受某些对外开| | |《国务院关于扩大沿 |
| |放优惠待遇的复函| | |海经济开放区范围的 |
| | | | |通知》所代替。 |
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附件二:第一批自行失效的涉外法规目录
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|序号| 法规名称 | 发布机关及日期 | 发文字号 | 失效理由 |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|1 |中华人民共和国海|1954年1月21日政| |适应当时情况的法 |
| |港管理暂行条例 |务院第203次政务 | |规,自行失效。 |
| | |会议通过 | | |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|2 |国务院、中央军委|1973年12月17日|国发〔1973〕182号|适应当时情况的法 |
| |批准对外开放机场|发布 | |规,自行失效。 |
| |和国际班机安全管| | | |
| |理办法(试行草案)| | | |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|3 |国务院关于商谈对|1978年9月12日发|国发〔1978〕173号|适应当时情况的法 |
| |外加工装配业务出|布 | |规,自行失效。 |
| |国人员和来华厂商| | | |
| |审批手续的暂行规| | | |
| |定 | | | |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|4 |国务院批转国家计|1979年5月21日 |国发〔1979〕135号|适应当时情况的法 |
| |委关于对外加工装| | |规,自行失效。 |
| |配业务开展情况的| | | |
| |报告 | | | |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|5 |国务院关于引进技|1979年8月9日 |国发〔1979〕197号|适应当时情况的法 |
| |术的国内作价办法| | |规,自行失效。 |
| |的通知 | | | |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|6 |国务院批转进出口|1979年9月14日 |国发〔1979〕233号|适应当时情况的具体 |
| |委关于京、津、沪| | |规定,自行失效。 |
| |三市出口工作座谈| | | |
| |会纪要的报告 | | | |
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|序号| 法规名称 | 发布机关及日期 | 发文字号 | 废止理由 |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|7 |国务院批准、公安|1980年3月20日 |〔1980〕公发(政)54|适用期已过,自行失 |
| |部发布《关于今后| |号 |效。 |
| |日侨去日问题的报| | | |
| |告》 | | | |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|8 |国务院批转国家进|1980年7月24日 |国发〔1980〕196号|适用期已过,自行失 |
| |出口委等部委关于| | |效。 |
| |贸易外汇内部结算| | | |
| |价格试行办法的报| | | |
| |告的通知 | | | |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|9 |国务院关于对各地|1982年7月30日 |国发〔1982〕104号|适应当时情况的法 |
| |和各部门在港澳地| | |规,自行失效。 |
| |区新建企业进行清| | | |
| |理整顿的通知 | | | |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|10|国务院批转经贸 |1983年1月11日 |国发〔1983〕8号 |适应当时情况的具体 |
| |部、外交部关于控| | |规定,自行失效。 |
| |制自美国进口、暂| | | |
| |停购买美国棉花、| | | |
| |化织和大豆问题的| | | |
| |请示的通知 | | | |
|--|--------|-----------|------------|--------------|
|11|国务院关于下达 |1985年4月23日 |国发〔1985〕61号 |适应当时情况的具体 |
| |1985年地方和部门| | |规定,自行失效。 |
| |自有外汇进口计划| | | |
| |用汇额度的通知 | | | |
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CIRCULAR OF THE STATE COUNCIL CONCERNING THE ANNULMENT OF A PARTOF REGULATIONS GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
CIRCULAR OF THE STATE COUNCIL CONCERNING THE ANNULMENT OF A PART
OF REGULATIONS GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS
(June 18, 1988)
In order to speed up the implementation of the strategy for economic
development in the coastal areas, and to promote the development of
export-oriented economy in the coastal areas of our country, the
departments concerned under the State Council, in accordance with the
planning and requirements of the State Council for the sorting out of
regulations governing foreign-related matters, have undertaken the sorting
out of the existing administrative regulations as well as other regulatory
documents (hereinafter referred to as "the regulations", for short),
promulgated by the State Council or promulgated with the approval of the
State Council. At present, the first batch of seventeen regulations, which
have been sorted out and should be annulled, have been reexamined, piece
by piece, by the Leading Group under the State Council for the Sorting Out
of Regulations jointly with the Bureau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council and by the State Council; and it is decided to announce the
annulment of the aforesaid regulations (See Annex I for the titles of the
aforesaid regulations). At the same time, the first batch of eleven
regulations, which have become invalid automatically, have also been
sorted out and reexamined, piece by piece, by the Leading Group under the
State Council for the Sorting Out of Regulations jointly with the Bureau
of Legislative Affairs of the State Council; and now these eleven invalid
regulations (See Annex II for their titles) are also included here as
Annex II in order to help various regions and departments concerned obtain
an overall understanding of the condition of those invalid regulations
governing foreign-related matters, thereby facilitating their work.
Annex I: A Catalogue of the First Batch of Regulations Governing Foreign-
Related Matters Which Should Be Annulled (17 pieces)
Annex II: A Catalogue of the First Batch of Regulations Governing Foreign-
Related Matters Which Have Become Invalid Automatically (11 pieces)
Annex I
A CATALOGUE OF THE FIRST BATCH OF REGULATIONS GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED
MATTERS WHICH SHOULD BE ANNULLED
|======|======================|=============|=============|============================|
|Serial|The Title of the |Organ and |Serial |Reasons for Annulment |
|Number|Regulations |Date of Pro- |Number of | |
| | |mulgation |Outgoing | |
| | | |document | |
|======|======================|=============|=============|============================|
| 1 |Interim Provisions of |Promul- |(1965) State |Relaced by "Approval |
| |the State Council |gated on |Council, |and Transmission the |
| |Concerning the |November |No. 394 |State Council Concern- |
| |Unified Procedure for |11, 1965 | |ing a Report Submitted |
| |Export Commodities | | |by the State Administra- |
| | | | |tion for Commodity |
| | | | |Prices Requesting In- |
| | | | |structions on Several Pro- |
| | | | |blems Concerning the |
| | | | |Price-making of Export |
| | | | |Commodities" and |
| | | | |"Notice Concerning the |
| | | | |Strengthening of Control |
| | | | |of Purchasing Prices of |
| | | | |Export Commodities" |
| | | | |issued by Document |
| | | | |(1987) No. 492 of the |
| | | | |Ministry of Foreign |
| | | | |Economic relations and |
| | | | |Trade and the State Ad- |
| | | | |ministration for Com- |
| | | | |modity Prices |
|------|----------------------|-------------|-------------|----------------------------|
| 2 |Interim Provisions of |Promul- |(1974) State |Replaced by "The Law of |
| |the People's Republic |gated by |Council, |the People's Republic of |
| |of China Concerning |the State |No. 11 |China Concerning the |
| |the Prevention of |Council on | |Protection of Marine En- |
| |Pollution in the |January 30, | |vironment", promul- |
| |Coastals Waters |1974 | |gated by the Standing |
| | | | |Committee of the Na- |
| | | | |tional people's Congress |
| | | | |on August 23, 1982 |
|======|======================|=============|=============|============================|
|======|======================|=============|=============|============================|
| 3 |Provisions on Several |Promul- |(1974) State |Replaced by "Provisions |
| |Problems Concerning |gated by |Council, |of the State Council Con- |
| |Vigorous Develop- |the State |No. 202 |cerning the Speeding up |
| |ment of Foreign Trade |Council on | |and Deepening of the |
| |and Increase in |August 13, | |Reform in the Systems of |
| |Foreign Exchange |1979 | |Foreign Trade", pro- |
| |Earnings | | |mulgated by Document |
| | | | |(1988) No. 12 of the State |
| | | | |Council on February 26, |
| | | | |1988, and by other documents|
|------|----------------------|-------------|-------------|----------------------------|
| 4 |Trial Procedures for |Promul- |(1979) State |Replaced by "Procedures |
| |the Retention of a Por|- |Council, |for the Retention of a Por- |
| |tion of Foreign Ex- |gated by |No. 202 |tion of Foreign Exchange |
| |change from Export |the State | |from Export Com- |
| |Commodities |Council on | |modities", promulgated |
| | |August 13, | |by Document (1985) No. |
| | |1979 | |45 of the State council |
| | | | |on March 29, 1985 |
|------|----------------------|-------------|-------------|----------------------------|
| 5 |Approval and Trans- |December |(1979) State |replaced by "Notice of |
| |mission by the State |21, 1979 |Council, |the State Council Con- |
| |Council Concerning | |No. 297 |cerning the Approval and |
| |the Procedures for the| | |Transmission of Interim |
| |Handling of Cases of | | |Provisions of the State |
| |Using Foreign Loans | | |Planning Commission |
| |in the Introduction of| | |Concerning the Improve- |
| |Technology and the | | |ment of the Planning |
| |Importation of Equip- | | |System", promulgated |
| |ment for Carrying Out | | |by Document No. 138, |
| |Capital Construction | | |(1984) of the State Coun- |
| |Projects by Such De- | | |cil on October 4, 1984, |
| |partments as Foreign | | |and also by "Approval |
| |Exchange, Finance, | | |and Transmission by the |
| |and Planning for | | |State Council Concern- |
| |Capital Construction | | |ing Suggestions Raised |
| | | | |by the State Planning |
| | | | |Comission on the Ex- |
| | | | |ploitation of Foreign |
| | | | |Loans", promulgated by |
| | | | |Document No. 83 (1986) |
| | | | |of the State Council on |
| | | | |August 16, 1986 |
|======|======================|=============|=============|============================|
|======|======================|=============|=============|============================|
| 6 |Approval and Trans- |June 30, |(1980) State |Replaced by "Notice of |
| |mission by the State |1980 |Council |the State Bureau of |
| |Council Concerning | |No. 151 |Foreign Expert Affairs |
| |the Summary of a Na- | | |Concerning the Publica- |
| |tional Forum on the | | |tion of A Summary of a |
| |Work of Foreign Ex- | | |National Conference on |
| |perts in Cultural and | | |the Work of Foreign Ex- |
| |Educational Work | | |perts in Culture and |
| | | | |Education", promul- |
| | | | |gated by Document |
| | | | |No. 78 (1987) of the State |
| | | | |Bureau of Foreign Expert |
| | | | |Affairs on April 10, 1987 |
|------|----------------------|-------------|-------------|----------------------------|
| 7 |Notice of the State |June 3, 1981 |(1981) State |Replaced by "Notice of |
| |Council Concerning | |Council |the State Council Con- |
| |Its. Approval and | |No. 97 |cerning Its Approval and |
| |Transmission of "A | | |Transmission of the Sug- |
| |repolrt Concerning | | |gestions Raised by the |
| |How the Present | | |State Planning Commis- |
| |Foreign Economic | | |sion, the Economic Com- |
| |relations and Trade | | |mission and the Ministry |
| |Can Serve the Re- | | |of Foreign Economic |
| |adjustment of Na- | | |Relations and Trade Con- |
| |tional Economy", | | |cerning Division of |
| |Submitted by the | | |Labour in the Work of |
| |State Commission for | | |Foreign Economic Rela- |
| |Imports and Exports | | |tions and Trade", pro- |
| | | | |mulgated by Document |
| | | | |No. 13 (1983) of the State |
| | | | |Council on January 31, |
| | | | |1983, and also by "Pro- |
| | | | |visions of the State Coun- |
| | | | |cil on Several Problems |
| | | | |Concerning the Speeding |
| | | | |Up of Reform in Foreign |
| | | | |Trade Systems", pro- |
| | | | |mulgated on February |
| | | | |26, 1988 |
|======|======================|=============|=============|============================|
|======|======================|=============|=============|============================|
| 8 |Notice of the State |January 3, |(1982) State |Replaced by "Notice of |
| |Council Concerning |1982 |Council, |the State Council Con- |
| |Its Approval and | |No. 1 |cerning Its Approval and |
| |Transmission of a | | |Transmission of the 1988 |
| |Report Submitted by | | |PLan for the Reform of |
| |the State Commission | | |Foreign Trade Systems, |
| |for Imports and Ex- | | |Submitted by the Minis- |
| |ports and the State | | |try of Foreign Economic |
| |Economic Commis- | | |Relations and Trade", |
| |sion Concerning the | | |promulgated by Docu- |
| |Establishment of | | |ment No. 90 (1987) of the |
| |China Association of | | |State Council on Sep- |
| |Arts and Crafts | | |tember 26, 1987 |
|------|----------------------|-------------|-------------|----------------------------|
| 9 |Notice of the State | January 7, |(1982) State |Because it is in conflict |
| |Council Concerning | 1982 |Council, |with "Provisions of the |
| |Its Approval and | |No. 5 |State Council Concern- |
| |Transmission of "A | | |ing the Speeding Up of |
| |Report Requesting In- | | |Reform in foreign Trade |
| |structions on the Pro-| | |Systems", Promulgated |
| |visions for the Realiz|a- | |on February 26, 1988 |
| |tion of Classified | | | |
| |Operations of Export | | | |
| |Commodities in | | | |
| |Foreign Trade", Sub- | | | |
| |mitted by the Ministry| | | |
| |of Foreign Trade | | | |
|------|----------------------|-------------|-------------|----------------------------|
| 10 |Notice of the General |March 26, |(1982) State |Replaced by "Notice of |
| |Office of the State |1982 |Council, |the General Office of the |
| |Council Concerning | |No. 27 |State Council Concern- |
| |the Transmission of a | | |ing the Transmission of |
| |Report Submitted by | | |Two Documents Submit- |
| |the Former State | | |ted by the Ministry of |
| |Commission for Im- | | |Foreign Economic Rela- |
| |ports and Exports and | | |tions and Trade Concer- |
| |by Other Units Con- | | |ning the Implementation |
| |cerning the Streng- | | |of Unified Operations of |
| |thening of the Co- | | |Pearls", promulgated by |
| |ordination and Ad- | | |Document No. 55 (1986) |
| |ministration of the | | |of the State Council on |
| |Production and Mar- | | |July 19, 1986 |
| |keting of Pearls | | | |
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|======|======================|=============|=============|============================|
| 11 |Notice of the State |May 25, |(1982) State |Replaced by "Several |
| |Council Concerning |1982 |Council, |Provisions Concerning |
| |Its Approval and | |No. 87 |the Inspection and Ad- |
| |Transmission of a | | |ministration of Importa- |
| |Report Submitted by | | |tion of Machinery and |
| |the State Economic | | |Electrical Equipment", |
| |Commission and the | | |promulgated by Docu- |
| |State Planning Com- | | |ment No. 452 (1987) on |
| |mission Requesting | | |August 1, 1987 |
| |Instructions on the | | | |
| |Suspension of the Im- | | | |
| |portation of Watches | | | |
| |and on the Streng- | | | |
| |thening of the Ad- | | | |
| |ministration of the Im|- | | |
| |portation of Micro- | | | |
| |computers, Tape- and | | | |
| |Video-Recording Eq- | | | |
| |uipment | | | |
|------|----------------------|-------------|-------------|----------------------------|
| 12 |Notice of the General |August 30, |(1984) |Replaced by "Notice on |
| |Office of the State |1984 |General Of- |the Suggestions Concer- |
| |Council Concerning | |fice of the |ning the Improvement of |
| |the Improvement of | |State Coun- |Employing Foreign Ex- |
| |Employing Foreign | |cil, No. 76 |perts in Cultural and |
| |Experts in Cultural | | |Educational Work", pro- |
| |and Educational Work | | |mulgated by Document |
| | | | |No. 87 (1987) of the State |
| | | | |Bureau of Foreign Expert |
| | | | |Affairs on May 26, 1987 |
|======|======================|=============|=============|============================|
|======|======================|=============|=============|============================|
| 13 |Notice of the general |August 30, |(1984) |Replaced by "Provisions |
| |Office of the State |1984 |General Of- |Concerning the Daily |
| |Council Concerning | |fice of the |Life Treatment of Foreign |
| |the Transmission of | |State Coun- |Experts Engaged for a |
| |the Provisions of the | |cil, No. 77 |Short Period of Time", |
| |State Bureau of | | |promulgated by Docu- |
| |Foreign Expert Af- | | |ment No. 146 (1987) by |
| |fairs, the State Scien|ce | |the State Bureau of |
| |and Technology Com- | | |Foreign Expert Affairs, |
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[案情]
2011年6月22日,在上海市徐汇公证处的见证下,原告鲁道夫·达斯勒体育用品波马股份公司的代理人在被告上海瑟昱商贸有限公司的经营场所购买了标有与原告注册商标“PUMA”、“豹图形”和“PUMA及豹图形”相同标识的服装。2011年9月8日,原告起诉被告的行为侵犯其注册商标专用权(案号:(2011)徐民三(知)初字第152号),要求法院判令:被告立即停止销售侵犯原告注册商标专用权的服装商品;被告赔偿原告经济损失20万元;被告在《新民晚报》中缝以外版面上刊登声明,公开消除影响,刊登面积不小于5cm×5cm。该案在审理过程中经法院主持调解,当事人自愿达成调解协议并经司法确认:被告立即停止侵犯原告享有的注册商标专用权;被告赔偿原告经济损失若干元;原告放弃本案的其余诉讼请求,原、被告之间无其他争议。
2012年3月22日,原告又向法院起诉被告,其主要证据是2011年3月16日原告代理人在上海市长宁区公证处公证员陪同下,在被告经营场所购买标有与原告注册商标“PUMA”、“豹图形”和“PUMA及豹图形”相同标识的服装所形成的公证书。被告则抗辩称其侵权行为已在(2011)徐民三(知)初字第152号一案中得到处理,本次诉讼属于重复诉讼,法院应驳回起诉。
审理案件过程中,在法院依法送达缴纳诉讼费用通知后,原告明确表示不再预交案件受理费。2012年4月18日,法院裁定本案按撤诉处理。
[评析]
本案虽然在立案并经调解之后,由于原告不预交案件受理费而按撤诉处理,但探讨其中蕴含的问题仍有其实践价值。实际上本案原告在撤诉之后,又寻找了新的连结点以相同的证据材料于2012年4月20日向上海市闵行区人民法院提起商标侵权诉讼,后又以被告规模较小并已同意不再侵权为由于同年7月5日撤诉。本案具有明显试探法院对一事不再理原则如何适用的意图,法院若判断失误,极易导致原告方获取超出实际损失的不当利益。法院对如何适用一事不再理原则应相当谨慎,既要避免过于严格而影响当事人诉权行使,又要避免失之过宽而使当事人获取不当利益。
我国民诉法虽对一事不再理原则没有明文规定,但综合该法第一百一十九条、第一百二十四条第(五)项、第一百五十四条的有关规定,可以认为我国法律实际上在民事诉讼中已经承认一事不再理原则,但法律规定较为原则,司法实践中如何适用没有明确标准。一事不再理原则的价值目标是节约司法资源、避免矛盾判决,关键在于判断何为“一事”。笔者结合案例,谈几点自己的看法。
1.案件同一性判断的关键要素
根据民诉法第一百一十九条规定的起诉条件和第一百二十一条规定的起诉状记明事项,案件的构成要素主要包括原告、被告、诉讼请求、事实、理由以及证据。据此,要判断两个案件是否为同一个案件,可以从以下几个方面考虑:一是当事人是否相同。一般而言,只有在原告、被告均相同的情况下(当然,诉讼地位可能发生转换),两个案件才有可能是同一的。二是诉讼请求是否相同。如果诉讼请求不同,则很可能是原告基于不同请求权基础而提起的另一诉讼。三是案件事实是否相同。基于同一事实提出的诉讼,有可能是不同的诉讼,但基于不同事实提出的诉讼,则不是同一案件。四是诉讼理由是否相同。笔者认为,这里的理由就是请求权基础,基于相同的案件事实,但基于不同的请求权基础,有可能提起不同的诉讼,司法实践中最直接的表现就是案由不同。五是法律关系的性质是否相同。有的时候,基于同一事实,既可提起民事诉讼,又可发生刑事或行政诉讼,在诉讼法律关系性质不同的情况下,当然不认为是同一案件。在本文所提及的三个案件中,原、被告双方均相同,案件也均是商标侵权民事纠纷,难点在于判断是否基于同一案件事实以及诉讼请求是否相同。
2.同一案件事实
本案中,原告所依据的主要事实是2011年3月16日所公证的被告侵权行为事实,在前一案件中,原告所依据的主要事实是2011年6月22日所作的公证,这就导致后一案件的侵权事实早于前一案件的侵权事实。原告认为这两个事实是不同事实,并已为公证所固定,被告则认为2011年6月22日之前的所有侵权赔偿事宜已调解解决。笔者认为,尽管从表面上看,两份公证书所固定的事实并不相同(所购涉嫌侵权的服装不同),但是知识产权侵权诉讼的常态是,权利人以公证方式固定单一侵权事实,并据此请求赔偿,而法院最终往往因为原告无法举出实际损失或被告侵权获利证据而在法定赔偿限额内酌定赔偿数额,实际上该赔偿数额并非针对此单一侵权事实而给予之赔偿。况且在前一案件的调解协议中,双方已经明确没有其他争议,特别是原告在已掌握2011年3月16日被告侵权证据的情况下确认了这一点,此时可以理解为2011年6月22日之前的侵权行为追责问题双方已经协商解决,后一公证书所固定的侵权事实已经包含了前一公证书所固定的侵权事实,两个案件事实可以认定为同一事实。
3.相同的诉讼请求
本案中,原告诉请法院判令被告立即停止侵害行为、赔偿经济损失20万元、在《新民晚报》刊登声明消除影响(刊登面积不小于24cm×12.5cm)。而在前一案件中,原告的诉请是被告立即停止侵害行为、赔偿经济损失20万元、在《新民晚报》刊登声明消除影响(刊登面积不小于5cm×5cm)。字面上看,两案诉请在消除影响声明的刊登面积上是不同的。另外,我们还可以假设原告也可以提出不同的赔偿数额要求。这些不同之处是否足以认定两案的诉讼请求不同呢?笔者认为,关键还在于诉讼请求的种类是否相同,在种类相同而具体要求不同的情况下,不应认定为是不同的诉讼请求,因为综合案件事实和法律关系性质等因素来看,这种区别尚不构成区分此诉和彼诉的主导性因素,以此来区分,也难以实现一事不再理原则的价值追求。
综上,笔者认为:本案虽裁定按撤诉处理,但即使在原告继续诉讼的情形下,也应驳回起诉。
(作者单位:上海市高级人民法院)